Shoulder fractures are common injuries, especially in older individuals after a fall, and can severely limit shoulder movement. These fractures occur in the part of the upper arm bone (humerus) that is close to the shoulder, known as the “proximal end.” The treatment approach is determined based on the severity of the trauma, the condition of the bone, and the degree of fragmentation (how many pieces the bone is broken into).
Simple and non-displaced fractures (where the bone fragments remain aligned) often do not require surgery and are treated with conservative (non-surgical) methods. Bone healing can be achieved with a sling, rest, and controlled physical therapy started in the early stages. This approach is particularly effective for elderly patients with poor bone quality.
However, fractures that are severely fragmented (comminuted), displaced (out of position), or threaten shoulder movement require surgical intervention. Surgical options vary depending on the type of fracture:
The goal of surgery is to return the bone to its correct anatomical position to ensure healing, or, if a prosthesis is used, to restore shoulder function with an implant that allows movement. With successful surgery and a good rehabilitation process, most patients can return to their previous quality of life.
Surgery Duration: 2-2.5 hours (varies depending on the technique)
Type of Anesthesia: General anesthesia (may be supplemented with a nerve block if necessary)
Surgical Method: Open surgery (repair with plates, screws, or prosthesis)
First day: 4–6
First week: 3–4
After 2 weeks: 1–2
Usually 2 nights
Can extend up to 3 days for joint replacement surgeries
First 2–3 weeks: Rest with a sling
After 3 weeks: Controlled movement and passive exercises
Week 6: Active exercises begin
3rd month: Return to daily living activities
6th month: Full functional recovery
First dressing change: Day 2
Wound check: 1st week
Suture removal (if any): Day 10
No. Non-displaced, stable fractures can be treated conservatively. The need for surgery is evaluated based on the type of fracture and the patient's general condition.
In severely fragmented (comminuted) fractures, a prosthesis is the most suitable option, especially for elderly patients with poor bone quality. This allows for a faster recovery of function.
Yes, exercises are very important for maintaining shoulder range of motion and muscle strength in both surgical and non-surgical patients. Early and regular exercises are critical to prevent loss of function. In most cases, the exercises we provide to our patients are sufficient and safe to perform on their own. In rare cases, if the expected range of motion is not achieved during follow-ups, formal physical therapy may be recommended.
In most patients, a high degree of functional recovery is possible with the correct treatment and regular physical exercises.
Bone healing (union) usually occurs within 6–8 weeks. However, full functional recovery takes an average of 3–6 months.
